RESUMO
Active collagen type I successfully used in regenerative medicine. However, despite the large amount of material of cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying skin repair, the molecular mechanisms of wound healing with use collagen type I, not studied enough. PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: To study the mechanism of the native collagen type I wound-healing action of native type I collagen on the example of the medical device Collost (7% gel) in a model of the rats difficult-to-heal skin wounds. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Male rats in population SD (72 individuals) surgically formed an ischemic dorsal skin flap (3×10 cm) with two full-thickness skin wounds 6 mm in diameter.The trained animals divided into 2 groups: in the experimental group, medical device Collost (gel) applied once after the operation, in the control group - a standard medical device for comparison. The dynamics of wound healing assessed, the number of M2 macrophages, myofibroblasts, vascularization and expression of the main markers of the repair process in the wound tissues and time points for assessment were: after 3, 7 and 14 days after operation using macroscopic, immunohistochemical, and molecular methods. RESULTS: It has been established that the mechanism of action of native collagen type I is associated with the acceleration of the appearance of «progenitorous¼ M2-macrophages in the wound tissues, decrease in the severity of inflammation or reduction in the duration of the inflammatory stage of the repair process, change in the expression spectrum of number of growth factors, an acceleration of neovasculogenesis. CONCLUSION: In this work, on the modern experimental model shown regenerative efficiency of a medical device based on collagen type I and described the molecular and cellular processes of wound healing when using it It has been shown that the acceleration of wound healing processes occurs when using a medical device based on native collagen type 1, it is also accompanied by a better aesthetic closure of the damaged skin area.
